{"id":728,"date":"2011-01-10T14:39:45","date_gmt":"2011-01-10T12:39:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/skeletor.org.ua\/?p=728"},"modified":"2012-03-13T10:41:25","modified_gmt":"2012-03-13T08:41:25","slug":"%d1%80%d0%b0%d0%b1%d0%be%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%b5%d0%bc-%d1%81-%d0%bf%d0%b0%d0%ba%d0%b5%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%bc%d0%b8-%d0%b2-debian","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/skeletor.org.ua\/?p=728","title":{"rendered":"\u0420\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0441 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0432 Debian"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0417\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0441 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0432 <strong>Debian<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">-\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0427\u0442\u043e \u0431\u044b \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0443 \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0443:<\/p>\n<p><code>$dpkg --get-selections \"*\"<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u0410 \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438:<\/p>\n<p><code>$dpkg -l<\/code><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">-\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430 \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0445<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><code>$apt-cache showpkg exim4-daemon-heavy<\/code><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">-\u041e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><code>#apt-get update<\/code><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><em><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">-\u041e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b \u0437\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u044b \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 aptitude<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><code>#aptitude search \"~ahold\" | grep \"^.h\"<\/code><\/p>\n<p><strong><em><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">-\u041f\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0421\u043b\u0435\u0434\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e (<strong>Half-Installed<\/strong>), \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0439\u043a\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c (<strong>Failed-Config<\/strong>), \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b \u0432 \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u044f\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445:<\/p>\n<p><code>#dpkg --audit<\/code><\/p>\n<p><strong><em><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">-\u041d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0435 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0439 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432:<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><code>#aptitude search '?upgradable' --display-format '%p# %v# %V# %t'<\/code><\/p>\n<p><strong><em><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">-\u0423\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430:<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><code>#apt-get install php=5.2.6.dfsg.1-1+lenny9<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u0440\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430\u044f, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 <strong>apt-cache showpkg php5<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">-\u0423\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 &#8220;\u043c\u0451\u0440\u0442\u0432\u044b\u0445&#8221; \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432:<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u0441 \u043d\u0438\u043c \u0442\u044f\u043d\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 &#8211; \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u044b. \u041d\u043e \u0435\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0442 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432? \u041d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b:<\/p>\n<p><code>#apt-get autoclean<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f (\u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438) \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 .deb \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f.<\/p>\n<p><code>#apt-get autoremove<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0442 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0443\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432<br \/>\n\u0422\u0430\u043a \u0436\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0447\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0430\u043f\u043a\u0443 \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432\u0430 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432\u00a0<strong>\/var\/cache\/apt\/archives\/<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">-\u041f\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p><code>$dpkg -S \/bin\/ping<\/code><\/p>\n<p><strong><em><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">-\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><code># apt-get check<\/code><\/p>\n<p><strong><em><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">&#8211; \u041e\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0443\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><code>$qdepends -r \u0418\u041c\u042f_\u041f\u0410\u041a\u0415\u0422\u0410 |tr ' ' '\\n' |sort<\/code><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0417\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e \u043e\u0431 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044f\u0445 \u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0441 \u043f\u0430\u043a\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0432 Debian<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-728","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-linux"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/skeletor.org.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/728","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/skeletor.org.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/skeletor.org.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skeletor.org.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skeletor.org.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=728"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/skeletor.org.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/728\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":730,"href":"https:\/\/skeletor.org.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/728\/revisions\/730"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/skeletor.org.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=728"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skeletor.org.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=728"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skeletor.org.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=728"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}