{"id":6153,"date":"2023-05-04T10:26:56","date_gmt":"2023-05-04T07:26:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/skeletor.org.ua\/?p=6153"},"modified":"2026-01-14T15:00:26","modified_gmt":"2026-01-14T13:00:26","slug":"%d0%b2%d1%96%d0%b4%d0%ba%d0%bb%d1%8e%d1%87%d0%b0%d1%94%d0%bc%d0%be-meltdown-and-spectre","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/skeletor.org.ua\/?p=6153","title":{"rendered":"\u0412\u0456\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0454\u043c\u043e Meltdown and Spectre"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u0412 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0456 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0433\u043b\u044f\u043d\u0435\u043c\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0446\u0438\u0445 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0456\u0432. \u0429\u043e \u0446\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0435 – \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0442\u0443\u0442<\/a>. \u0412\u0456\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u044f \u0446\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0430\u043b\u0435 \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u044f\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0446\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0430, \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0447\u0438, \u0449\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u044f\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e 30%.<\/p>\n\n\n

<\/p>\n

Solaris<\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n

\u041f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441<\/p>\n\n\n


\n# sxadm status
\nEXTENSION STATUS FLAGS
\naslr enabled (tagged-files) u-c--
\nibpb enabled -kcr-
\nibrs enabled -kcr-
\nif_pschange_mc_no not supported -----
\nkpti enabled -kcr-
\nl1df enabled -kcr-
\nmd_clear not supported -----
\nmds_no not supported -----
\nnxheap enabled (tagged-files) u-c--
\nnxstack enabled (all) u-c--
\nrdcl_no not supported -----
\nrsbs enabled -kcr-
\nsmap not supported -----
\nssbd enabled (tagged-files) u-c--
\ntaa_no not supported -----
\ntsx_disable not supported -----
\numip not supported -----
\n<\/code>
\u042f\u043a \u0431\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043c\u043e (kpti,ibpb,ibrs<\/strong>) \u0443\u0432\u0456\u043c\u043a\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0456. \u0412\u0456\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0454\u043c\u043e:

\nsxadm disable kpti
\nsxadm disable ibpb
\nsxadm disable ibrs
\n<\/code>
\u041f\u0456\u0441\u043b\u044f \u0446\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0432\u02bc\u044f\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 reboot<\/strong><\/p>\n

FreeBSD<\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\n

\u041f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0441 (\u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0436 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u043e\u044e \u0446\u0456\u0454\u0457<\/a> \u0443\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0456\u0442\u0438):<\/p>\n

# sysctl vm.pmap.pti
\nvm.pmap.pti: 1
\n# sysctl hw.ibrs_disable
\nhw.ibrs_disable: 1
\n# sysctl hw.mds_disable
\nhw.mds_disable: 0
\n<\/code>
\u0412\u0456\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a:
– \/boot\/loader.conf<\/span><\/strong><\/em>

\nvm.pmap.pti=0
\nhw.ibrs_disable=1
\n<\/code>
– \/etc\/sysctl.conf<\/strong><\/em><\/span>

\nhw.mds_disable=0
\nmachdep.mitigations.mds.disable=0<\/code>\n

\u041f\u0456\u0441\u043b\u044f \u0446\u044c\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0432\u02bc\u044f\u0437\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439 reboot<\/strong><\/p>\n

Linux<\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\n

\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u0456\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0432\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 lscpu<\/strong> \u0430\u0431\u043e \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437
# grep . \/sys\/devices\/system\/cpu\/vulnerabilities\/*<\/code> <\/p>\n

\u0412\u0456\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0454\u043c\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a: \u0443 \u0444\u0430\u0439\u043b\u0456 \/etc\/default\/grub<\/strong> \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u0443\u0454\u043c\u043e \u0440\u044f\u0434\u043e\u043a GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX<\/strong> \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043f\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043e \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0456\u0457 \u044f\u0434\u0440\u0430:<\/p>\n

– 5.1.13 \u0456 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u0456\u0448\u0456:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=\"mitigations=off\"<\/code><\/p>\n

– \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0456\u0448\u0456 \u0437\u0430 5.1.13:<\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

RUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=\"noibrs noibpb nopti nospectre_v2 nospectre_v1 l1tf=off nospec_store_bypass_disable no_stf_barrier mds=off tsx=on tsx_async_abort=off mitigations=off\"<\/code><\/p>\n

\u041e\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u044e\u0454\u043c\u043e grub<\/strong><\/p>\n

$ sudo update-grub<\/code><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0412 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0456\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0442\u0456 \u0440\u043e\u0437\u0433\u043b\u044f\u043d\u0435\u043c\u043e \u0432\u0456\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044f \u0446\u0438\u0445 \u0431\u0435\u0437\u043f\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0434\u0456\u0432. \u0429\u043e \u0446\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0435 – \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0442\u0443\u0442. \u0412\u0456\u0434\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u044f \u0446\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0454\u0442\u044c\u0441\u044f, \u0430\u043b\u0435 \u0432 \u0434\u0435\u044f\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0434\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0446\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0430, \u0432\u0440\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0447\u0438, \u0449\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u044f\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0434\u043e 30%.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4,5,24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6153","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-freebsd","category-linux","category-solaris"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/skeletor.org.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6153","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/skeletor.org.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/skeletor.org.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skeletor.org.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skeletor.org.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6153"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/skeletor.org.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6153\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6669,"href":"https:\/\/skeletor.org.ua\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6153\/revisions\/6669"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/skeletor.org.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6153"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skeletor.org.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6153"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/skeletor.org.ua\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6153"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}